{"id":1734,"date":"2020-10-21T14:50:40","date_gmt":"2020-10-21T13:50:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/lydia-becker-institute-blog\/?p=1734"},"modified":"2022-10-27T22:33:17","modified_gmt":"2022-10-27T21:33:17","slug":"protein-by-whichcommon-skin-bacteriatrigger-eczema-identified","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/lydia-becker-institute\/2020\/10\/21\/protein-by-whichcommon-skin-bacteriatrigger-eczema-identified\/","title":{"rendered":"Protein by which common skin bacteria trigger eczema identified"},"content":{"rendered":"

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A decade-long study has identified the factor produced by a common species of skin bacteria that triggers eczema, in a breakthrough of our understanding of the condition.<\/p>\n

The discovery of a missing link by an international team led by University of Manchester scientists could lead to new treatments for the sometimes debilitating skin condition which affects 20 to 30% of children.<\/p>\n

Principle investigators Dr Peter Arkwright and Dr Joanne Pennock, both senior scientists at the University, identify \u2018second immunoglobulin-binding protein\u2019 – or \u2018Sbi\u2019 – as a unique trigger of eczema by Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> – also known as golden Staph.<\/p>\n

In a paper published in the prestigious Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology<\/i>, they show that the bacterial species is unique in producing Sbi which triggers allergic inflammation in the skin.<\/p>\n

The Leo Foundation-funded study for first time identifies Sbi as the molecule that induces rapid release of Interleukin-33, a key component of the immune response in childhood eczema.<\/p>\n

\u201cOur study shows beyond any doubt that Sbi is the dominant infective trigger of eczema and that is incredibly exciting,\u201d said Dr Arkwright, who is also Consultant in Paediatric Allergy & Immunology at Royal Manchester Children\u2019s Hospital, part of Manchester NHS Foundation Trust.<\/p>\n

\u201cScientists have long known that Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> is the dominant pathogen on human skin, causing the majority of skin and soft tissue infections worldwide.<\/p>\n

\u201cBut only now do we understand that it is only because it expresses predominant virulence factor Sbi, that allergic eczema is triggered.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere have been lots of dead ends and false leads, but after many years, we\u2019ve finally found the missing link.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are extremely grateful to Professors Hiroshi Matsuda and Akane Tanaka for their collaboration, which contributed valuable results to this project.\u201d<\/p>\n

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The search for the missing link involved mouse eczema model studies led by Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, and bench work on cells and human skin tissue at Manchester.<\/p>\n

The scientists also studied six other species of staphylococci, as well as the common Group A strep which causes tonsillitis and scarlet fever, but none generated allergic responses.<\/p>\n

In each part of the study, the results pointed to Sbi – first discovered in 1998 – as the trigger.<\/p>\n

Dr Pennock, from The University of Manchester said: \u201cOur primary aim was to understand why Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> is so uniquely associated with allergic reactions in skin.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe precise mechanism that drives the allergic pathology in eczema patients has been a mystery, until now.<\/p>\n

\u201cStaphylococcus aureus<\/i> expresses many virulence factors so finding the right protein was a challenge. We have shown that only golden Staph that expresses Sbi is capable of causing the allergic skin response.<\/p>\n

\u201dNow our aim is to learn more about Sbi in order to lay the groundwork for future non-steroid treatments. We are very grateful to the Leo Foundation for continuing to fund this exciting work. \u2018\u2019<\/p>\n

The paper Staphylococcus aureus Second Immunoglobulin-Binding Protein drives atopic 2 dermatitis via IL-33 is published in the\u00a0Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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