{"id":5692,"date":"2025-01-21T14:14:30","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T14:14:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/?page_id=5692"},"modified":"2025-02-13T09:54:00","modified_gmt":"2025-02-13T09:54:00","slug":"key-findings","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/reports\/annual-report-2025\/key-findings\/","title":{"rendered":"Key findings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section bb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;section&#8221; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; next_background_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_module=&#8221;322&#8243;][et_pb_fullwidth_menu global_parent=&#8221;322&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;3.0.106&#8243; menu_id=&#8221;7&#8243; submenu_direction=&#8221;downwards&#8221; fullwidth_menu=&#8221;off&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; module_class=&#8221;main-navigation&#8221; \/][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;off&#8221; specialty=&#8221;off&#8221; transparent_background=&#8221;off&#8221; allow_player_pause=&#8221;off&#8221; inner_shadow=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221; make_fullwidth=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;off&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;on&#8221; make_equal=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|&#8221; prev_background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; next_background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221;][et_pb_row allow_player_pause=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221; parallax_1=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method_1=&#8221;off&#8221; make_fullwidth=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;off&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;on&#8221; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;off&#8221; make_equal=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px|&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px|&#8221; module_class=&#8221;breadcrumbs-row&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Breadcrumbs (do not remove)&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;left&#8221; use_border_color=&#8221;off&#8221; border_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; module_class=&#8221;breadcrumbs&#8221; custom_css_main_element=&#8221;border-bottom: 1px solid #ececed;&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221;]<\/p>\n<span><span><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/\">NCISH<\/a><\/span><\/span>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;off&#8221; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; transparent_background=&#8221;off&#8221; allow_player_pause=&#8221;off&#8221; inner_shadow=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method=&#8221;on&#8221; parallax_1=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method_1=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_2=&#8221;off&#8221; parallax_method_2=&#8221;off&#8221; make_fullwidth=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_width=&#8221;off&#8221; width_unit=&#8221;on&#8221; make_equal=&#8221;off&#8221; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;2&#8243; prev_background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; next_background_color=&#8221;#1d1d1d&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243;][et_pb_sidebar admin_label=&#8221;Left Nav Sidebar&#8221; area=&#8221;et_pb_widget_area_1&#8243; orientation=&#8221;left&#8221; remove_border=&#8221;on&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; module_id=&#8221;left-nav-menu&#8221; show_border=&#8221;off&#8221; \/][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243;][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;Row&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text: Title and jump links&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h1 id=\"top\">Key findings<\/h1>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 1em\"><strong>On this page:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#numbers\">Patient suicide numbers and rates<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#characteristics\">Social and clinical characteristics<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#clinical-care\">Clinical care<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#surveillance\">Real-time surveillance<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#bipolar\">Suicide and bipolar disorder<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#missed-contact\">Suicide after missed contact and\/or non-adherence with medication<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#bereavement\">Suicide and recent bereavement<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; \/][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text: Patient&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"numbers\">Patient suicide numbers and rates<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5709 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/numbers-rates-150x150.png\" alt=\"An icon representing graphical data under a magnifying glass.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/numbers-rates-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/numbers-rates.png 172w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>Over 2012-2022, there were 18,670 suicides by patients in the UK and Jersey, an average of 1,697 deaths per year, 26% of all <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/reports\/annual-report-2025\/suicide-in-the-general-population\/\">general population suicides<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The number of patient suicides increased in 2018 following a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/deaths\/articles\/changeinthestandardofproofusedbycoronersandtheimpactonsuicidedeathregistrationsdatainenglandandwales\/2020-12-08\">change in the standard of proof (Office for National Statistics)<\/a> for suicide at inquest. In England and Wales, an increase in suicides registered in 2023, suggesting a possible rise in suicides occurring in 2022, has been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ons.gov.uk\/peoplepopulationandcommunity\/birthsdeathsandmarriages\/deaths\/bulletins\/suicidesintheunitedkingdom\/2023\">reported by the Office for National Statistics<\/a>. It is too early to say if this rise will be evident in our 2022 patient suicide figures.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"#top\">&lt; Back to top<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; \/][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text: Social&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"characteristics\" style=\"padding-top: 0.65em\">Social and clinical characteristics<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-5712 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/clinical-characteristics.png\" alt=\"An icon representing clinical characteristics. A hand supports a cog and five people.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\">A high proportion of patients who died by suicide showed evidence of isolation and social adversity; nearly half (47%) lived alone, and a sixth (17%) had recently experienced serious financial problems. Suicide-related internet use was reported in 8% of patients.<\/p>\n<p>A history of alcohol (47%) or drug (38%) misuse was common. Over half (55%) had a comorbid (i.e. additional) mental health diagnosis. The majority (62%) of patients who died had a history of self-harm. The proportion who had recently (&lt;3 months) self-harmed (31%) has increased over the report period.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"#top\">&lt; Back to top<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; \/][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text: Clinical&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"clinical-care\" style=\"padding-top: 0.65em\">Clinical care<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-5820 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/image027-150x150.png\" alt=\"Hands health icon\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/image027-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/image027.png 173w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/>There were 4,718 (27%) patients who died by suicide in acute care settings, including in-patients (5%), and post-discharge care (13%) or crisis resolution\/home treatment (13%), with overlap between the latter two groups. This is an average of 429 deaths per year.<\/p>\n<p>There were an estimated 72 suicides by mental health in-patients in 2022, around 4% of all patient suicides in that year. Of all in-patients:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>40% died on the ward;<\/li>\n<li>50% were off the ward on agreed leave;<\/li>\n<li>10% had left the ward without staff agreement or left with agreement but failed to return.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The proportion of in-patients who died on the ward has increased by 31% between 2012-2015 and 2019-2022.<\/p>\n<p>There were an estimated 198 deaths by suicide in the 3 months after discharge from mental health in-patient care in 2022, 11% of all patient suicides. The number and rate of post-discharge suicide has risen since 2017. Of all patients who died in the first week after discharge, the highest number occurred on day 3 (63 patients, 20%) post-discharge (taking day 1 as the day of discharge). However, in 2019-2022 the highest number occurred on day 6 (20 patients, 22%).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"#top\">&lt; Back to top<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; \/][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text: Real time&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"surveillance\" style=\"padding-top: 0.65em\">Real-time surveillance<\/h2>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 0.65em\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-5715\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/surveillance.png\" alt=\"An icon representing a medical facility.\" width=\"150\" height=\"156\" \/>We are establishing an additional method of patient suicide data collection through real-time surveillance (RTS) in England. We ask all trusts to notify us of suspected suicides by in-patients or those recently discharged, without waiting for inquest.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-top: 0.65em\">To date we have been notified of 67 suspected suicide deaths, the majority (44, 67%) by in-patients.<\/p>\n<p>Early themes include high proportions of in-patients being detained under the Mental Health Act (55%) and being admitted to wards outside of the patient\u2019s local area (35%).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"#top\">&lt; Back to top<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; \/][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text: Bipolar&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"bipolar\" style=\"padding-top: 0.65em\">Suicide and bipolar disorder<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-5717\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/bipolar.png\" alt=\"An icon showing two overlapping heads, representing bipolar disorder.\" width=\"150\" height=\"122\">In 2012-2022, there were 1,491 suicides by patients with bipolar disorder, 8% of all patient suicides, an average of 136 deaths per year. The average number in 2019-2022 increased by 19% compared to the average number in 2015-2018.<\/p>\n<p>Patients with bipolar disorder were more often:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>female (47%);<\/li>\n<li>living alone (52%);<\/li>\n<li>older, with more aged 45-64 (50%), than other patients who died by suicide.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Overall, a minority (39%) were receiving lithium treatment and only 12% were receiving psychological treatment. More patients with bipolar disorder were non-adherent with medication (15%) and had experienced drug side effects (12%).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"#top\">&lt; Back to top<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; \/][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text:Suicide after missed&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"missed-contact\" style=\"padding-top: 0.65em\">Suicide after missed contact and\/or non-adherence with medication<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-5718\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/clipboard-150x150.png\" alt=\"An icon of a clipboard and a pencil marking off checkboxes.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\">In 2012-2022, there were 3,817 suicides by patients who missed their last contact with mental health services, 22% of all patient suicides, an average of 347 deaths per year.<\/p>\n<p>There were 1,998 suicides by patients who were non-adherent with drug treatment, 12% of all patient suicides, an average of 182 deaths per year. Our estimates for 2022 show an increase in the proportion of patients with missed contact but a fall in those non-adherent with medication.<\/p>\n<p>Missed contact was often accompanied by clinical morbidity (e.g. additional psychiatric diagnoses, self-harm, alcohol and\/or drug misuse), and socioeconomic adversity (e.g. unemployment, financial problems, living alone). Services had made contact with the patient\u2019s family in 28% of those who had missed their last appointment.<\/p>\n<p>The majority (63%) of non-adherent patients had severe mental illness. Half (47%) were prescribed oral antipsychotics. Reasons for non-adherence were reported to be:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>the patient\u2019s impaired insight into their illness (31%);<\/li>\n<li>side effects (15%);<\/li>\n<li>lack of effectiveness (13%).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"#top\">&lt; Back to top<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; \/][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text:Bereavement&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"bereavement\" style=\"padding-top: 0.65em\">Suicide and recent bereavement<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-5719\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2025\/01\/candle.png\" alt=\"An icon of a candle with a flower beside it.\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\">In 2012-2022, there were 1,312 suicides by patients who had been recently (&lt;3 months) bereaved, 8% of all patient suicides, an average of 119 deaths per year. The number increased over two-fold in 2016-2022 compared to in 2012-2015, presumably due to better recognition by clinicians.<\/p>\n<p>Patients bereaved were more often female (40%) than other patients who had not recently been bereaved and they were more likely to be older, widowed (20%) and living alone (54%). A third (34%) had a primary diagnosis of depression. More died on or near the date of a family member or friend\u2019s death anniversary compared to other patients (7% v. 1%). In 2020-2022, half (51% v. 35%) had reported suffering from insomnia and a third (35% v. 30%) had recently misused alcohol.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"#top\">&lt; Back to top<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; \/][et_pb_cta admin_label=&#8221;Promo: Download full report PDF&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;light&#8221; text_orientation=&#8221;left&#8221; use_border_color=&#8221;off&#8221; border_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; module_class=&#8221;content_box content_box_grey_bg&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;3.17.6&#8243; title=&#8221;Read the full report&#8221; button_text=&#8221;Download a PDF of the full report&#8221; button_url=&#8221;https:\/\/documents.manchester.ac.uk\/display.aspx?DocID=75346&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Prefer to read the full report? 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and\/or non-adherence with medication Suicide and recent bereavement Patient suicide numbers and rates Over 2012-2022, there were 18,670 suicides by patients in the UK and Jersey, an average [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"parent":5689,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5692","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5692","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5692"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5692\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6193,"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5692\/revisions\/6193"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.manchester.ac.uk\/ncish\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5692"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}