MLM Data Tool / Language profiles in Manchester / Panjabi

Language profiles in Manchester

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Panjabi

Language Panjabi
Language name transliterated Panjābī
Language name original script ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Distribution Pakistan, India
Estimated number of speakers worldwide 60m (native), 100m (total)
Language classification Indo European; Indo-Iranian; Northwestern Indo-Aryan;
Related to which languages Potwari, Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati
Distinctive features in sounds Retroflex sounds (articulated by moving the tongue towards the back of the hard palate); aspirate sounds (require bursts of breath for pronunciation)
Distinctive features in grammar Words are inflected; the verb appears at the end of the sentence; location expressions (‘for’, ‘to’) follow the noun; ergative language
Writing system Gurmukhi script
Status Domestic vernacular among Muslims, vernacular in Pakistan, regional language for Panjab state in India, Liturgical language of Sikhism
Number of persons identifying as “main language” in England & Wales (Census 2011) 273,231
Number of persons identifying as “main language” in Greater Manchester (Census 2011) 16,189
Number of persons identifying as “main language” in City of Manchester (Census (Census 2011) 4,719
Number of persons identifying as “main language” in Greater Manchester as percentage of total in England & Wales (Census 2011) 6%
Number of persons identifying as “main language” in City of Manchester as percentage of total in England & Wales (Census 2011) 2%
Proficiency in English, self-reported in City of Manchester (Census 2011)* Can speak English very well (29%), Can speak English well (35%), Cannot speak English well (28%), Cannot speak English (7%)
Distribution in City of Manchester (Census 2011) Cheetham (888), Longsight (570), Crumpsall (485), Whalley Range (454), Rusholme (324)
Distribution in Greater Manchester (Census 2011) Oldham (3,910), Rochdale (2,407), Bolton (1,600)
First language of pupils in Manchester schools (2015) 1,868
Distribution in City of Manchester schools (2015) Abraham Moss High School (303), Cravenwood Primary School (86), Temple Primary School (81), Levenshulme High School (77), Cheetham CofE Community Academy (65)
Total interpreter requests in Manchester’s GP practices (2014/2015) 357
Library loans (2012/2013) 18
Library acquisitions (2012/2013) 5
M-4 interpreter requests (2012/2013) 2135
Other home language common among speakers Urdu, Potwari, Mirpuri
Supplementary schools Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Central Gurdwara, Dashmesh Sikh Temple School

*Percentages rounded to nearest whole number